Abstract
A Spatial Methodology to Analyze Lead in Drinking Water Track: Modeling Author(s): Zhengming Wang, Hugh Devine, Allen Chao The paper summarizes the development of a spatial and temporal methodology to identify the sources of lead corrosion in water systems. The analysis involves GIS-based water quality model, and correlation findings based on spatial databases. The USEPA promulgated the Stage 2 Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule and the Long Term 2 Enhanced Water Treatment Rule (2006) after a series of rules that were finalized, including the Lead and Copper Rule. The new rules call for enhanced water treatment processes to reduce bacteria and disinfection byproduct. To meet these stringent rules, municipalities switched coagulant to ferric chloride and secondary disinfectant to chloramines. However, some researches were conducted to link lead leaching to the use of chloride and chloramines. The spatial and temporal methodology identifies the existence of correlations among treatment processes and lead leaching. The analyses yielded a systematic solution and methodology to predict and prevent potential lead leaching problems in water system. Zhengming Wang Hazen and Sawyer Modeling 4011 WestChase Boulevard, Suite 500 Raleigh , NC 27607 US Phone: 919-833-7152 Fax: 919-833-2558 E-mail: mwang@hazenandsawyer.com Hugh Devine NCSU Parks and Recreation NCSU 5118 Jordan, Box 7106 Raleigh , NC 27695 US Phone: 919-515-3682 E-mail: Hugh_Devine@ncsu.edu Allen Chao NCSU Civil, Contruction and Environmental Engineering NCSU Mann, Box 7908 Raleigh , NC 27695 US Phone: 919-515-7702 E-mail: chao@eos.ncsu.edu |
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