Michael Sweeney, Robert Babbs, James Carroll, Mark Kron, Thomas
Brown, Donald Sander, James Watson, Richard Allen, and Barbara
Quinn
ABSTRACT
The Metropolitan Sewer District of Greater Cincinnati (MSD) is
a large operation delivering wastewater collection and treatment
services to 800,000 customers living in 33 municipalities throughout
Hamilton County, Ohio. With over 3,000 miles of sewer lines,
23 treatment plants, and a comprehensive capital improvement program,
MSD is directing an extensive mission of protecting and enhancing
water quality. In meeting the challenges of that mission, technology
is playing an increasingly critical role by providing tools and
information for managing cost-effectively and improving customer
service. GIS is central to MSD's technical vision and its implementation
is providing tangible improvements and benefits as described herein.
As a member of CAGIS (Cincinnati Area Geographic
Information System), a consortium of local public
and private utilities and other government agencies, MSD shares
with the community a vision of improved service delivery through
widespread use of GIS as a foundation for integrated, distributed
data and resource sharing. To help realize the vision, virtually
all CAGIS members have migrated to the Esri suite of GIS software
products. This has facilitated the search for ways to achieve
a progressive functionality even while still in the midst of completing
data conversion by pursuing applications that delivered rapid
and measurable benefits. These applications demonstrated the utility
of an integrated data framework, exercised the database design,
provided a focus on data quality, and exposed and trained our
personnel in various GIS techniques. Applications were developed
that encompass a wide range of shared applications that improved
customer service, recovered new revenue, focused capital improvements
and extended access to data from the office to the field.
This paper represents a case history that illustrates MSD's approach
to GIS implementation to date (as one partner in the CAGIS consortium)
focusing on application development and the derivation of early
benefits and future considerations. So far, estimated benefits
achieved are substantial representing millions of dollars and
justify the investment and growth of GIS.
INTRODUCTION
The Metropolitan Sewer District of Greater Cincinnati (MSD) was
created by an inter-government agreement in 1968 that consolidated
most of the wastewater collection and treatment systems in 33
municipalities in Hamilton County, Ohio. MSD is owned by the
county and managed by the City of Cincinnati. The wastewater
collection system includes over 3,000 miles of combined and separate
sanitary sewers and 165 pump stations. As common to older urban
areas, some of the sewers date back to the 1820's. The sewer
system delivers an average of 200 million gallons per day (MGD)
to twenty-three treatment plants ranging in capacity and complexity
from 130 MGD to small "package plants" serving a few
dozen homes. The management of a flood wall protection system
consisting of 14 removable sections (or gates) in conjunction
with the operation of a large flood barrier dam and pump station
that protect Cincinnati from the Ohio River are also the responsibility
of MSD.
Agencies or companies like MSD, regardless of the line of business
or ownership, have extensive "inventories" that bear
the common characteristic of geography. Whether the inventory
consist of sewers, water lines, pavement, people, and/or events,
effective management requires that the responsible agency must
know the current size, location, capacity and condition of its
inventory; its relationship to other features or inventories;
and be able to add or modify the inventory with predictable results
or benefit. The advantages of using a geography as an electronic
frame of reference for compiling inventory has been known to MSD
since 1984. Then, MSD began an automated mapping project with
the generation and digitization of aerial photographs and record
drawings and other available sources of information. Later, in
1989, CAGIS (Cincinnati Area Geographic Information
System), a consortium of local public and private utilities
and other government agencies was established and began an intensive
data conversion effort for the "base map". In turn,
each agency was responsible for its own data conversion.
Initially, the primary focus of CAGIS was on infrastructure management
but subsequently broadened to a shared vision of improved customer
service delivery through widespread use of GIS as a foundation
for an open, integrated, distributed information partnership.
To help realize this vision, virtually all CAGIS members have
migrated to the Esri suite of GIS software products. CAGIS has
also opened its doors to other interested agencies and local governments
with the idea of information being the primary medium of exchange.
Since the completion of the conversion phase in mid-1993, the
results so far have been remarkable. Even so, the foundation for
the future is being laid with a metropolitan area network, a GIS
based data warehouse, shared data standards, a data and application
integration framework, enterprise-wide permit management, end
user desktop tools, client server based technologies and other
innovations that will enable GIS to become an essential part of
day to day business in greater Cincinnati.
DATA CONVERSION AND CLEANUP
The initial activities of constructing a foundation for any AM/FM
and GIS system, which include database design, record research,
digitizing, and attribute data population, are (at the very least)
"character-building" exercises and can result in significant
expenditures in time and money. Learning this truth from MSD's
and CAGIS's own experience as well as hearing similar titanic
struggles from other agencies and locales influenced the search
for ways to realize early benefits to help justify the costs with
real benefits. Devising and pursuing applications utilizing available
data delivered rapid benefits, confirmed the database design,
provide a focus on data quality, and exposed and trained our personnel
in various GIS techniques. The result: an incomplete sewer system
data conversion proved not to be an impenetrable barrier in getting
started in basic GIS application development using available GIS
data in context.
Conversion was approached in two concurrent phases: 1) the graphic
sewer data generated through digitizing aerial photography and
record drawings, which are currently going through a final clean-up
and 2) the population of the nongraphic sewer system attribute
database (SSAD), which is nearly complete after two years. The
advantages of separating the phases allowed early applications
involving simple spatial analysis (especially proximity) of graphic
features or polygons of interest available from CAGIS in relation
to the sewer lines. In addition, address matching, and various
thematic queries were possible with existing data resources without
the full availability of the sewer system attribute database,
which was constructed separately in FoxPro. Refer to Table 1
for a partial list of available CAGIS layers.
One disadvantage to the approach of separating data conversion
into two phases is creating a potential disunity between ArcInfo
and the Oracle relational database, which requires a one-to-one
relationship. The graphics did not match perfectly with the SSAD
due to graphic omissions, redundant attributes, and misnumbered
attributes. Though these mismatches are exceptions that represent
only about 5 percent of the data, they will require further research
to identify the cause(s). While this has not been a major barrier
to producing or limiting application development, it cannot be
ignored and has been incorporated in the normal database maintenance
process.
The sewer line graphic data cleanup process required constructing
true ArcInfo topology for a continuous line/node network. Because
the previous mapping software was strictly a graphic representation,
connectivity from tile to tile was non-existent. Inadvertently,
additional features were added to the database during the translation
process that included pseudo nodes along the tile boundaries where
linear features crossed, specifically, approximately 12,000 pseudo
nodes. These were easily identifiable because each carried a
zero value for a numerical attribute. The cleanup process entailed
three steps. First, the elimination of the pseudo nodes on the
tile boundaries required defining a subset of those 12,000 nodes
and then selecting their common arc segments to unsplit. The
next step proved more time consuming. The remaining 7,000 would
require hands on manipulation, although, this allowed new users
an opportunity to become familiar with the commonly used ArcInfo
commands. The final step was to ensure we possessed connectivity
for the linear network. This process entailed tracing out the
network to locate undershots and dangling nodes. Working with
90,000 segments we slowly snapped together the network and corrected
(flipped) the necessary segments to their proper flow direction.
EARLY GIS APPLICATIONS
By using AML's in ArcInfo and Arc/View's built-in address matching
capabilities with existing database sets, several early applications
have already yielded savings to MSD with the use of the substantially
completed sewer line graphic data. While the conversion process
proceeded, MSD found databases already available through CAGIS,
or from off-the-shelf street indexes from census information coupled
with MSD address-based files and data from other agencies. Themes
were built that allowed spatial analyses of these data sets for
visual patterns and proximity relationships to each other and
to important features becoming available from CAGIS. Some applications
represent responses to the proverbial "$64,000 Question"
for which elected officials and regulators are well known. Others
were conceived by in-house staff with specific purposes in mind.
In many instances, "sweet serendipity" resulted in
surprise benefits by the activity of exploration itself. The application
development process and the obtained results were both instructional
about our systems. The benefits included time saved, cost avoidance
and new revenue. Some of the more noteworthy applications developed
to date are summarized in the next sections.
A County-Wide Sewer Map
One of the first applications MSD pursued upon obtaining ArcInfo
software and workstations was to create the first map ever that
showed the entire sewer system throughout Hamilton County. Because
of the limitation of the previous mapping system, producing one
sewer map was not possible. Sewer maps now reside in various
forms, shapes, sizes and colors in offices throughout MSD. As
conversion and cleanup progressed, these maps have stimulated
thinking of all the features and applications that now can be
generated. The thinking has gone well beyond just producing
and displaying maps, as this section present.
Customer Billing Verification
Utilities are responsible to ensure that customer billing is both
accurate and complete. That is, everyone who is benefiting from
the service is invoiced for the amount or share used. The use
of proximity analysis afforded by ArcInfo provided the means
of obtaining a working list of billing accounts for further verification.
A "water-only" account file containing addresses of
premises receiving a water bill and not a sewer bill was obtained
from the billing system. This file was imported and matched by
address to a street segment location. Using the substantially
completed sewer line as the center line, a buffer of +/- 300
feet was used to generate an output file containing approximately
13,000 (out of 218,000) water-only account premises addresses
falling within this area. From this file, standard database
query techniques were devised to cull accounts that represented
irrigation, private waste treatment systems, and other special
accounts. Tap permit record research and occasional dye testing
were performed to confirm the customer's connection to the sewer
system.
Since 1994, about 800 "new" previously unbilled sewer
accounts have been found so far resulting in a minimum of $165,000
per year in new revenue. Back charges for these accounts have
totaled $775,000. Conservative projections currently indicate
that this application will result in about $475,000 in new annual
revenue and a total of $2.3 million of back charges. As a side
benefit, the search resulted in the prosecution of a plumbing
contractor, who illegally tapped nearly 100 homes.
The reason for the missing customers are a result of a cumbersome
manual process that, in part, is necessitated by a 22 year old
computerized billing system and lack of a coordinated permitting
system. The manual processes have largely been modified to ensure
that new accounts are retained properly. The implementation of
an Oracle-based integrated permit management system and a new
utility billing system (both underway and able to be integrated
with the CAGIS databases) will ensure that high billing accuracy
is retained.
Flood Protection System Evaluation
As mentioned previously, MSD is responsible for operating Cincinnati's
Flood Protection system. These substantial flood protection measures,
built after the all time highest recorded river stages of the
Great Flood of 1937 were reached, are absolutely critical to
the preservation of life, limb and property. To illustrate the
effect of flood at various river stages with and without the flood
protection system, a GIS-based simulation was devised which generated
a series of snapshot maps displaying what would happen at various
stages of flooding if the gates were not erected in time or if
one of the gates failed. By using Esri GRID and the two foot
contours from the CAGIS topography coverage, a one foot grid was
assigned to the area. Next, pool stage elevations were assigned
to the water level and destination elevations to the various grids.
An inverse elevation grid was established with flow directions
to each cell. "Costpath" routines (in actuality, similar
to the path of least resistance) were used to simulate a flood.
By placing "barriers" to the water level at the locations
of the actual flood gates, the effect of the flood protection
system was thereby simulated.
By proceeding gradually toward the 1937 flood levels, the simulation
tested the hypothesis that the flood protection system would perform
as designed. But then the dam broke, so to speak. It was discovered,
based upon the topographic data, that as the simulated flood approached
the 1937 flooding levels, a potential breech was discovered This
breech did not come into play until the flood waters nearly reached
the 1937 flood levels. If it did, the major interstate highway
along Cincinnati's Riverfront would become inundated along with
a considerable amount of downtown property. With this discovery,
a more precise analysis is possible with a survey crew. Conclusion:
A GIS simulation exercise may prevent a potential multimillion
dollar disaster.
Building New Sewers - The Assessment Petition Process
In Cincinnati, MSD constructs major trunk sewers. Local or lateral
sewers that connect to the truck sewer are either constructed
by developers as part of a subdivision improvement plan or by
at the expense of the property owners in the case of a developed
unsewered area. The latter sewers are constructed by MSD through
a public assessment process. In order for MSD to build such a
sewer, it has to be approved by the majority of the affected property
owners and go through county legislation. MSD receives numerous
calls throughout the year from residents who inquire about the
available of sewers in their area. If sewer extension is possible,
a map is provided showing the projected benefiting properties
along with a petition letter in an information packet as a service
to its customer. The petition letter is circulated and is returned
to MSD to proceed with the design and construction of the sewer.
Prior to GIS, the preliminary map of the area sent to the residents
have been copies of older tax maps with the addresses of the affected
property written in by hand. Producing these maps may have taken
several hours to several days depending upon the size of the project
area. By using Arc/View and its connectivity to CAGIS data, MSD
has been able to greatly improve upon this procedure. Those persons
answering the telephones now have Arc/View at their desktop.
Through geocoding techniques, an area in question is located quickly
while talking to the resident. Information can be provided immediately
whether there are any sewers in the vicinity and as to the general
feasibility of connecting to those sewers. Once the affected
area has been determined, it can be outlined in Arc/View with
a polygon. By using Arc/View selection techniques, the affected
properties are determined and premises addresses are automatically
displayed. A project title is added to the map and printed on
an 8.5 x 11.0 inch sheet. This can all be done now in a matter
of minutes and the property owner is supplied with a handy map
that shows pavement, existing sewers, affected houses shaded in,
addresses and property lines.
This presents MSD with an excellent way of improving customer
service by supplying a quality product to the public in a much
more timely fashion. Also, these potential assessment petition
projects can also now be tracked more easily. For further analysis,
a database containing all of the septic tanks from the Health
Department has been imported and geocoded. These areas are potential
candidates for new sewers for public health reasons. By showing
areas that have a higher density of requests for sewers and also
knowing the location of substandard septic systems, MSD can now
improve the prioritization of its future sewer construction.
Property Notification Lists - Another Customer Service Opportunity
It is MSD's policy to notify property owners when a major sewer
rehabilitation is scheduled in their neighborhood. While MSD
maintains easements for repair of the sewer system, temporary
disruption or removal of fences, flower beds and other landscaping
features is needed in order to excavate. By notifying property
owners ahead of time of pending construction/repair in their area,
MSD has prevented a lot of hard feelings.
On many occasions, MSD have been able to supply mailing lists
of property owners affected by various projects. To illustrate,
the construction of a detention basin to help alleviate basement
flooding in a particular area necessitated blocking off several
streets. It was a matter of minutes to select the affected location
using Arc/View, draw a half mile radius around the area and identify
the effected property owners. By exporting this selected set
of owners to a PC database file, mailing labels were generated
for the 340 affected property owners. To do this job manually
would have taken days of research and a lot of typing.
In another case, a major sewer rehabilitation project affecting
numerous properties was to be undertaken. Once again using Arc/View,
we were able to outline and delineate the sewer and select all
properties that fell within a 200 foot buffer of that sewer.
The selected data set was exported to a .dbf file and imported
into FoxPro. Another set of mailing labels was generated within
a matter of minutes as opposed to several days of work. Once minimal
experience was gained, the techniques used to generate the mailing
list were taught to the staff directly performing this work.
They have little or no GIS experience, however, now armed with
the tools and data, they can regularly perform similar queries
at will.
Drainage Basins
One of Hamilton County's larger municipalities is known as Indian
Hill. This is a large, residential municipality with no commercial
development and new development requirements are limited to a
minimum of 5 acres. In preparing for future sewer expansion in
this unsewered area, MSD is trying to determine the areas of all
the drainage basins and their populations within Indian Hill.
This information helps determine the sizes and distribution of
future trunk sewers. In the past, such exercises were undertaken
by using older 200 scale topographic maps and determining the
drainage basin areas by hand with a planimeter. Also, there was
no adequate method of conveniently determining population density
of each area other than through deriving the maximum allowable
population for the area from existing zoning.
By using the tools provided with ArcInfo, MSD has been able to
resolve not only the major drainage basins, but all of the sub-basins
as well. Converting the GRID coverages used to determine the
sub-basins to polygons, the areas are automatically captured.
These polygons are then intersected with census tracts from the
County's Planning Division and population information from the
U.S. Census to accurately determine the existing population densities.
Once again, a job that would have taken weeks can now be accomplished
in hours.
Now that the sewer graphic is set up for networking, in that the
flow direction is consistent throughout the system, any point
in the system can be picked and a determination of exactly what
sewers drain to or from that point is highlighted using ArcInfo's
networking analysis. Using this tool and the overall sewer map
mentioned earlier, maps and information have been generated showing
all the sewers that drain to (or are pumped to) each of our 5
major treatment plants. This information combined with census
information determined the existing population serviced by each
of the treatment plants, as needed to fulfill a regulatory requirement.
Customer Service Delivery
MSD is a 24 hour a day, 7 days a week operation. Capturing data
concerning customer service requests accurately and performing
needed services promptly require an attention to detail. Location
of the customer and MSD facilities (and other features) must be
accurately recorded and presented, respectively. A complaint tracking/work
order management system has been developed and implemented in-house
that allows extensive query and sorting capabilities, and most
importantly, allows integration with Arc/View. One critically
important feature is address checking. Address are captured and
street names are checked immediately to minimizing the retrieval
problems of misspellings. Ten years of service calls from an
older complaint system have been captured and incorporated to
provide a history in temporal and geographic contexts. Areas
of persistent problems appear more clearly and, in turn, shift
some work activities from reactive to planned maintenance. Projects
that involve more significant construction or rehabilitation can
be identified and added to the MSD Capital Improvement Program
(CIP).
A variety of records still comprise MSD facilities information
system, in addition to GIS related data mentioned earlier. The
most complete maps and information reside in our records section
at a separate location open during office hours. Microfilmed records
have, in the past, been periodically updated and placed copies
at customer service areas. As true with all paper (or film),
the quality of this information is adequate for a finite period
of time. As part of its technology vision, MSD recognized the
need for on-line access to the latest and best information, including
important legacy paper records. The goal is the ability of the
dispatcher to type in an address, windowing in on that location
and being able to see all the pertinent sewer information on the
Arc/View screen in front of them. This information would include
scanned images of the older record sheets and aerial photographs
that had been registered and rectified to the CAGIS database.
Extending this capability to the field crews is envisioned as
well.
Today this application is a partial reality. The dispatchers
now have computers with Arc/View and can type in the address of
the complaint as they are talking to the customer. The system
allows windowing in on the to show streets, property and right
of way lines, buildings and all sewer information that has so
far been added to the CAGIS data base. This is only a partial
solution as additional data is constantly being added in the form
of scanned images. MSD now has all individual building sewer
tap connection records scanned and stored on a 24 hour accessible
server. Presently, MSD is working to "hot link" all
of these records to the graphic database so the dispatcher can
not only see the "main line" information, but also all
the pertinent building connection information as well. Scanned
images of the sewer construction ("as-built") drawings
are currently being added and geo-coded as well.
The customer complaint information is now linked to MSD's unique
manhole numbers. These numbers are visible using Arc/View, allowing
dispatch personnel to fill in the necessary information into the
complaint tracking system. The complaint tracking system is not
yet fully linked with Arc/View necessitating this data entry,
however the design of that tracking system lends itself to integration,
as mentioned.
Arc/View themes generated from the customer service complaint
database recently went "on tour" to a large community
meeting via notebook PC. The presentation and ad hoc querying
capability promoted a greater awareness and understanding of our
system. The service request history was available instantly on
line. Several additional service requests were entered into the
complaint tracking system for further investigation and analysis.
The meeting participants were justifiably impressed with our
efficiency and in the utility of the technology.
Data Exchange
In efforts to establish new trunk sewers at an increased rate,
MSD farms out many of its design projects to qualified consulting
engineering firms, most of which use CAD systems for their design.
To get the most up-to-date information, MSD supplies them with
CAGIS information in a DXF (AutoCAD) compatible format. This
information is then brought into CAD and used as background information
to assist in the design of the new sewers or other design work.
With the capability of having ArcInfo assign the correct value
to the contours, the consultants can also now have third party
software generate automatic profiling when crossing the CAGIS
contours.
Capitalizing on this, standards for a paperless "concept-to-as-built"
drawing and attribution review/approval process are being formulated
that join together the on-going maintenance of GIS data with various
permitting processes. Lead by CAGIS, the county-wide integrated
permitting management system is one of several related initiatives
that will transform the ability of MSD and other Greater Cincinnati
agencies and utilities to better maintain the public infrastructure
and promote environmentally sensible economic development.
THE NEXT STEPS
Because understanding the effects of infiltration and in flow
from rain events is critical to most sewer system operation and
maintenance, incorporating rain gauge data, flow data, and incorporating
hydraulic and hydrologic models is viewed as one important next
step" to integration. Determining sewer system capacity
and providing what-if analysis is a excellent pro-active approach
to water quality protection and customer service. Using GIS as
an integration framework coupled with models can improve the focus
of MSD's CIP, which includes comprehensive sewer rehabilitation,
replacements, and expansion projects.
As MSD completes the development and verification of the sewer
system network and component attributes and ensures topological
integrity, flow modeling software will be integrated with the
GIS to enable a broad range of new applications. Some of the applications
already under consideration or being tested for implementation
in the near future are:
·. Spill/dumping source and destination tracing and impact analysis;
·. Micro flow and capacity modeling for analyzing concept and construction plans associated with permit applications for private server development;
·. Macro flow capacity modeling used in conjunction with the analysis of citizen complaints and actual work order history for CIP planning;
·. Modeling expected flow against actual flow data to assess potential sources of groundwater infiltration or illegal sewer taps;
Some of the additional modeling applications being envisioned are:
·. Granting private developers and engineers access over the counter or via Internet to software tools and MSD data for performing their own micro flow and capacity modeling for analyzing their concept and construction plans to gage whether plans for private sewer development will be approved;
Real time integration telemetry associated with flow monitors and rain gages to enable adjustment of treatment methods based on actual flow or related to storm or other special events;
·. Integration of open channel
(stormwater) flow modeling and closed channel flow modeling to
analyze storm event contribution in combined sewer system areas.
As additional future considerations, MSD and the County Engineer's
office are each purchasing a global positioning system (GPS) base
station in 1996 to make locating facilities and features much
more convenient for field personal. An in-house study showed that
up to 80 percent time savings can be achieve by using portable
GPS receivers and post-processing for routine survey work. GPS,
coupled with improvements in the permitting workflow process lead
by CAGIS, provides a means to rapidly acquire accurate locations
of new facilities as well verifying the location of existing facilities
to expedite maintenance and improve planning.
Digital cameras are being tested and are proving to be very useful
in a variety of applications. Digital photos of problem areas,
facilities, and features can easily be registered geographically
and shared across the network. They serve multiple purposes
by incorporating them into work orders, research, and training.
An old adage states, "One picture is equal to a thousands
words". The enhancement that GIS provides is now digital
photos can be retrieved more conveniently and can be shared simultaneous
by "a thousand users".
SHARING THE VISION
The centerpiece of MSD technical vision is user involvement.
Over the past year, MSD staged numerous technology clinics "by
the users, for the users" to share new applications and data.
Each session was tailored to what applications and ad hoc query
that interested the sessions participants. Demonstrations consisted
of presenting numerous geographic and database applications, ranging
from permit tracking to managing complaint databases to delineating
watersheds. The software involved consisted of ArcView, ArcInfo,
and FoxPro. Scenarios were developed using simulating customer
service opportunities to help illustrate or "walk through"
the vision. One scenario devised and used frequently was "the
flooded basement complaint". Envisioned is a dispatcher
typing in an address, windowing in on that location and accessing
scanned images of the older record sheets and aerial photographs
that had been registered and rectified to the CAGIS data base.
These live demonstration help communicate the vision and excite
the organization into imaging the vast possibilities afforded
by the GIS data framework.
CONCLUSION
MSD has been able to achieve the benefits of GIS by involving as many people as possible in the pursuit of a shared vision of continuous improving high quality customer service delivery using GIS as the data integration strategy. As part of the CAGIS consortium, the citizen or customer is the reason local government or any service provider exist. Customers comprise both external and internal groups or individuals. Putting our external customers needs first provides the impetus of rapid application development and benefit realization. Our internal customers or users, are the reason for success. Recognized is success can be achieved if given the opportunity, the tools, and training. The fruits of their labor described herein are unmistakable.
TABLE 1: EXAMPLE CAGIS LIBRARIES AND LAYERS
DENSE COUNTY WIDE LAYERS
Edge Of Pavement
Fences
10 Foot Contours
2 Foot Contours
Buildings
Parking Areas
Fire Hydrants
Parcel Lines
Sewer Lines
Street Centerlines
Sewer Manholes
Subdivision/Condo Centroids
Parcel Centroids
Spot Elevatiions
Water Valves
Utility Poles
Sidewalks
Subdivision Boundaries
Stormwater Point Facilities
Walls
Driveways
Property Lines
SPARCE COUNTY WIDE LAYERS
Railroads
Minor Drainage Features
Zoning
Facet Boundaries
200 Scale Grid Index
Topographic Monumentation
Voting Precincts
Census Tracts
Substation Towers
Section Lines
Major Drainage Features
Drainage Area Boundaries
Municipal Boundaries
Bus Routes
50 Scale Grid Index
GPS Control
Arc/Storm Tile Index
Soil Type
Miscellaneous Annotation
Flood Control
Flood-ways (100 & 500 year floods)
CITY OF CINCINNATI LAYERS
Neighborhood Boundaries
Census Tracts
Police Districts
City Owned Poles
Zoning
Census Blocks
Historic Districts
Flood Control
AUTHOR INFORMATION
Michael Sweeney, Robert Babbs, James Carroll, Mark Kron, Thomas Brown, Donald Sander,
Richard Allen, and Barbara Quinn
Michael W. Sweeney, Ph.D., P.E.
MSD Deputy Director
1600 Gest Street
Cincinnati, OH 45204
phone: 513-244-5120
fax: 513-244-1399
email: michael.sweeney@cinmsd.rcc.org
Robert Babbs, Thomas Brown,
Don Sander, and James Watson
MSD Engineering Division
same address as above
phone: 513-244-1340
fax: 513-244-1359
email: bob.babbs@cinmsd.rcc.org
tom.brown@cinmsd.rcc.org
don.sander@cinmsd.rcc.org
James Carroll
Cincinnati Department of Buildings and Inspection
801 Plum Street
Cincinnati, OH 45202
phone: 513-352-3279
fax: 513-352-1598
Mark Kron
MSD Wastewater Collection Division
225 Galbraith Road
Cincinnati, OH 45224
phone: 513-352-4900
fax: 513-352-4910
Richard Allen
MAGIC
810 Matson Place
Penthouse 3
Cincinnati, OH 45204
phone: 513-921-2568
email: richn757lg@aol.com
Barbara Quinn
CAGIS
138 East Court Street
Cincinnati, OH 45202
phone: 513-352-1641
fax: 513: 352-3557