Abstract
In urban planning tasks, access to information about the location of companies with different characteristics, is of great importance. The Dutch urban planning concept, the ABC-concept, aim to describe the mobility profile of a company. This description is important in urban planning efforts. 

According to this, there is also a need for information about the accessibility to one zone from all other zones within a defined planning area, and how the accessibility changes with an alteration in land use and public transport services.

Asplan Viak Stavanger as, in cooperation with the Norwegian Public Road Administration Rogaland, has developed a PC-based method of analysis and visualization of mobility and accessibility to be used in urban planning.

To be used in mobility analysis, a company database is established, containing characteristics in accordance with the ABC-concept. To be used in accessibility analysis, car and public transport time-matrixes and population statistics from the complex traffic model TRIPS, are combined.

The paper is supposed to highlight the use of a PC-based method of supporting urban planning efforts as well as the sophisticated combination of Arc-software, Microsoft Office software and complex traffic models.

Software: ArcInfo, ArcView, Access, Excel, Gauss

Introduction
The Dutch urban planning concept, the ABC-concept, has the main issue: The right business in the right place. The ABC-concept rely on the terms mobility and accessibility.

Businesses and services attract traffic. The site («location») of an office or service facility is an important factor influencing traffic going to and coming away from it. An office situated next to a railway station will, for example, more readily attract commuters by train, while an office located next to a motorway will encourage car usage. Physical planning can influence the location of new offices; planning regulations also contribute to the «guiding» of traffic and mobility.

The increasing growth in the use of motorized transport is giving rise to numerous problems, and government policy is therefore aimed at cutting down on the avoidable use of cars and at stimulating public transport and the use of bicycles. One way of doing so is by means of the location policy: siting new businesses and services as far as possible in locations which can easily be reached by public transport or bicycle, and not only by car.

Of course, each company has different transport needs. A university must in the first instance be reachable by public transport and bicycle, while a distribution centre should above all be properly accessible to freight vehicles. For this reason, so called mobility profiles are drawn up for various types of companies. Locations are classified according to their accessibility profiles.

Terms
An accessibility profile indicates the quality of the accessibility of a location by public transport and by car. An accessibility profile is an account of a locations proximity of halts for public transport, its situation with regard to major arterial routes and parking facilities or limitations. Three types of locations are distinguished, concentrating on their accessibility by public transport (A-locations), by public transport and by car (B-locations) and primarily by car (C-locations).

The mobility profile is an account of the properties of businesses and services which are of importance to transport and traffic, both of people and goods. The mobility profile is the counterpart of the accessibility profile; their relation to one another is one of supply and demand. Companies with a certain mobility profile must be fitted into a location with a matching accessibility profile. The mobility profile should indicate what the opportunities are for a suitable location. In drawing up a mobility profile, attention is paid to the number of employees in a company in comparison to its surface area, its dependency on motorized transport in conducting its business, the number of visitors and its reliance on road haulage. In other words, the factors which determines its transport needs.

The Right Business In The Right Place
What type of business should occupy which location? Which mobility profile belongs to which accessibility profile?

A-locations are accessible chiefly by public transport; thus they are principally suitable for businesses to which many people come. In other words, for businesses and services with the following mobility profile:

many employees in comparison with available surface area, and/or

a large number of visitors

little business-related car usage

little goods transportation

The presence of a large number of employees creates opportunities for public transport in terms of commuter travel. A location with good public transport facilities will also persuade visitors to opt for public transport in the first instance.

B-locations are reachable both by car and by public transport. Mobility profile of suitable businesses is as follows:

moderate labour and/or visitor intensity

moderate car-dependency

moderate dependency on road haulage of goods

 
C-locations are easily accessible by car. Suitable for businesses with the following mobility profile:

relatively low number of employees and visitors

strongly dependent on motorized transport, for goods and/or persons

Services which attract large numbers of the public (hospitals, for example) are not suitable for C-locations; they are regarded as qualifying pre-eminently for A- and B-locations.

Mobility Analysis
The first step in mobility analysis, is the allocation of business/service groups according to accessibility profiles.

A-locations are labour intensive and/or visitor intensive business and services, like industry (administrative office activities), building (administrative office activities), service industries (public-oriented and administrative office activities), retail trade (urban district level or higher), commercial service sector (public-orientated and administrative office activities, not or only moderately car-dependent), catering industry (hotels etc.), government administration (public-orientated and administrative office activities), communication companies (public-orientated office activities), public utility companies (public orientated office activities), socio-cultural institutions, higher education, schools (primary and secondary education) serving a wider than local function, medical and veterinary services, and social services (administrative office activities).

B-locations are businesses and services with a moderate labour and/or visitor intensity and a moderate car-dependency, like hire companies, instruments and optical industry, repair of consumer goods, wholesale trade (administrative office activities), commercial service sector (administrative office activities, high car-dependency), transport companies (administrative office activities), clothing industry, graphics industry, synthetic threads and fibres industry, communications companies (administrative office activities, processing and distribution), public utility companies (administrative office activities), sport and recreational facilities, and social services (accommodation, therapy).

C-locations are businesses and services with a low labour and/or visitor intensity and a high rate of car-dependency and/or a high dependency on road haulage of goods, like petroleum industry, wood and furniture industry, chemical industry, base metals industry, paper industry, textile industry, metal products industry, leather industry etc., electrotechnical industry, machine industry, rubber and synthetics processing industry, food and luxury items industry, transport industry, wholesale trade (other goods), building materials etc., transport companies (workshop, depot, garage), wholesale trade (bulk goods), building (workshop, storage depot), service companies (production activities), and public utility companies (production).

 The allocation was established as a digital table by using the database management program Access.

 The second step is classification of companies. The digital table was then connected to a company database named «Geographic Informationsystem for Trade and Employment in Nord-Jæren». The informationsystem is established by Asplan Viak Stavanger, and contains company data, as the location of each company, business/service group, and accumulated employment data. The companies in the informationsystem are all geocoded. By connecting the digital table with the GIS for Trade and Employment in Nord-Jæren, each company was classified as an A-, B- or C-location.