Abstract

Paper
Land Administration standardization with focus on Surveying and Spatial Representations
Track: Technology
Authors: Peter Oosterom, Christiaan Lemmen, Harry Uitermark, Gerard Verkuijl, Gijs Boekelo

In the process towards the inclusion of Land Administration information within the geo-information infrastructure, or in more popular terms: the Geoweb, standardization forms a basic condition. Land Administration information is a key element in the geo-information infrastructure (Geoweb), and strongly related to other (key-) registrations.

For this purpose the International Federation of Surveyors (FIG) has designed the Land Administration Domain Model (LADM; previously called the Core Cadastral Domain Model). It has been developed within the FIG since 2002, based on the input of many stakeholders worldwide, including National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies (NMCAs), research institutes and key industry players, such as Bentley and ESRI. The LADM has been submitted to ISO TC211 (Geographic information), for formal standardization and integration with other TC211 geo-information standards; such as ISO/IS 19107 Spatial schema and ISO/DIS 19156 Observations and Measurements (O&M). The LADM has currently the status of a Draft International Standard (ISO/DIS 19152), and was distributed in December 2010 by the central ISO secretariat for a five month voting and commenting time period.

The conceptual schema of the LADM is organized into three packages: 1. parties (people and organizations); 2. basic administrative units, rights, restrictions and responsibilities (ownership and land-use rights); and 3. spatial units (parcels, buildings and utility networks).

During the last year of development a number of important improvements in the spatial units package occurred: a. changes propagated from ISO/DIS 19156 O&M to LADM; b. subpackages Surveying and Spatial Representation (geometry and topology) integrated with Spatial Units and offering source points, lines, and surfaces; and c. geometry now either explicit in spatial representation, or derived via associations to spatial sources.

This paper will focus on the Land Administration (cadastral) geodata acquisition, based on field surveys in relation to LADM. Spatial source documents allow documentation of field observations. This includes administrative data; e.g. names of right holders participating in the field, or local conditions. Original observations for adjudication, for data maintenance because of land transactions or spatial planning, for object identification because of establishment of mortgage, need to be linked in case several or many teams work in the field. Observations may require transformations and adjustments or other corrections (e.g. rectangulation) before the cadastral geodata for spatial units can be edited. Data acquisition can be based on very low cost approaches or on low cost / high tech approaches, which is not always conventional terrestrial surveying. All different status situations of the geodata can be represented in LADM - however procedures for data acquisition itself are not inlcuded in the standard. Quality aspects can be represented based on DQ_Element types from ISO 19113 Quality principles.

FIG will continue the work on ISO/DIS 19152 LADM and related standards, such as ISO 19156 O&M. In case of the later one to make sure this is refined for cadastral surveying needs - with the inclusion of low cost surveying technologies.