Yurij Palekha
Ukrainian State Institute of Urban Planning "Dipromisto", Head of GIS & Computer Technologies Department,L.Ukrainka Boulevard,26,Kiev,Ukraine, tel.(+38044)2951137, palekha.gis@carrier.kiev.ua

Eugene Seredynin
EKOMM Stock company, Kutuzova,18/7, Kiev,Ukraine, tel.(+38044)2948604, es@ecomm.kiev.ua

Abstract

In connection with active formation of the market of land and real estate in Ukraine one of major questions is an establishment of the fair and reasonable rates of payments for land. This promotes cost estimation of the land areas, in realization of which now it is impossible to do without use of technology of geoinformation systems (GIS). With this purpose we created universal automated system LPS (Land Price System), allowing to decide all problems, connected to automation of process of an estimation of land. LPS includes of a little bit interconnected program components, developed in various program environments, such as: VISUAL BASIC v.5.0, MS ACCESS, MS C++ v.5.0, Turbo PROLOG v.2.2, Map OBJECTS v.2.0, Arc VIEW v.3.0 GIS. The special place in structure of system LPS is borrowed by components, realized as the applications Map OBJECTS v.2.0 and Arc VIEW v.3.0 GIS. Just these components give to system LPS of property GIS. The means Map OBJECTS v.2.0 realize functions of interaction with cartographic background (raster or vector) specific district, allocation of borders of estimated district, drawing of an estimation necessary for the purposes town-planning of a situation, drawing of contours of estimated regions and economics-planning of zones and other GIS Arc VIEW v.3.0 is used for the purposes of visualization of intermediate and final results of accounts of a money estimation of land, issue of thematic cards of an estimation of lands and etc.

INTRODUCTION

Ukraine - young state aspiring to become by the full member of European community. Is dear to it passes through many complexities connected to the decision of economic and social problems, preparation and acceptance of many laws directed on introduction and regulation of principles of market economy.

One of major questions in this connection is the formation of the market of land and real estate in Ukraine, establishment of the fair and reasonable rates of payments for land and introduction of the mechanism of a cost assessment of the land areas.

In September, 1996 the new version of the Law about a payment for the land determining legal aspects of an assessment of land and collection of payments for land in occupied items, on grounds of agricultural use and other territories was accepted. In the decision of the Supreme Body of Ukraine about introduction in action of this law the term for realization of a cost assessment of land in Ukraine - till January 1, 1999 is established.

GIS IMPLEMENTATION

The so compressed terms of performance of the decision have predetermined search on the part of local and regional bodies of authority of new methods of performance of a cost assessment. Among them the conducting place is occupied GIS technologies. Just GIS allow considerably to improve a cost assessment to remove it on a new qualitative level. For last year in Ukraine there were a lot of the projects of a cost assessment, in which are involved GIS technologies, including created with products of Esri.

In a most general view it is possible to allocate three blocks of tasks, in which with estimation the GIS technologies are applied:

1. The performance of accounts of components of a GIS technologies (transport convenience, environmental condition, engineering-infrastuctural security, geological conditions etc.), analysis of the received results, their updating, generalization and, as final result, economic and planning zoning - allocation in the occupied item is qualitative of homogeneous territories.
2. Computerization of process of an estimation of the particular specific land areas having borders and the appropriate legal attributes, and then - charge of the tax for land.
3. Preparation and printing of various thematic cards (zoning, comparison of cost of separate sites, local factors).

On the basis of study numerous and, at times, inconsistent experience of performance of works according to land in Ukraine by various collectives of the experts, we came to conclusion about necessity of creation of the universal automated system allowing to solve of all problems in complex, connected with automation of process of an land assessment. It is necessary to note, that the land assessment is multifunctional iterative process consisting from several procedures: preparations given (spatial and semantic); their analytical processing; expert of assessments and conclusions; graphic editing of the data and display of results of an estimation on a cartographic basis as the circuits, thematic zones, diagrams etc. This circumstance causes necessity of integration within the framework of the automated system according to land of several program components developed in various program environments, such as: VISUAL BASIC v.5.0, MS ACCESS, MS C ++ v.5.0, Turbo PROLOG v.2.2, Map OBJECTS v.2.0, Arc VIEW v.3.0 GIS. The structure of the automated system of land assessment, which refers to as LPS (Land Price System), is shown on Fig.1. Let's consider in more details functional assignment a separate component of system.

The means VISUAL BASIC v.5.0 realize functions of an environment of system, and also management of a sequence of realization of separate procedures of process of an assessment and its monitoring. On VISUAL BASIC v.5.0 the main menu of system, interface with the user, input of the initial data is realized, the exchange given between separate components will be organized.

Estimations used for the purpose, of land the data represent set of the semantic and spatial data, which are submitted as georelational databases. The functions on organization of databases, their storage, access, management of databases is realized by means MS ACCESS. With the further development of system LPS the transition to use more powerful databases of a type ORACLE is supposed.

During a land assessment there is a necessity for realization of significant quantity of a various sort of analytical calculations. With this purpose the library of computing procedures realized in environment MS C ++ v.5.0 is stipulated.

Distinctive feature of a task of a land assessment is it multifactor and multicriterion. Naturally, the decision of such tasks by methods of vector optimization is connected to known difficulties. One of the possible approaches is use of means of logic programming, which allow to formalize knowledge and professional receptions of the highly skilled experts in the given subject domain and thus to create bases of knowledge and fragments of expert systems. For these purposes environment of logic programming Turbo PROLOG v.2.2 is used.

CONCLUSION

The special place in structure of system LPS is occupied by components realized as the appendices Map OBJECTS v.2.0 and Arc VIEW v.3.0 GIS. Just these components give to system LPS of GIS property. The means Map OBJECTS v.2.0 realize functions of interaction with cartographic background (raster or vector) particular district, allocation of borders of estimated district, drawing of an estimation, necessary for the purpose, of a town-planning situation, drawings of contours of estimated areas and economic and planning of zones etc. GIS Arc VIEW v.3.0 is used for the purposes of visualization of intermediate and final results of accounts of a cost assessment of land, issue of thematic cards of a land assessment etc.